Ball lightning: a Renaissance account from Zafra (Spain)

Vaquero, José M.

doi:10.5194/hgss-8-53-2017

Articles | Volume 8, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-8-53-2017

© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-8-53-2017

© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 8, issue 1

Note

|

12 Jun 2017

Note |

| 12 Jun 2017

Ball lightning: a Renaissance account from Zafra (Spain)

José M. Vaquero

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Total article views: 2,808 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

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1,550	1,063	195	2,808	220	268

HTML: 1,550
PDF: 1,063
XML: 195
Total: 2,808
BibTeX: 220
EndNote: 268

Views and downloads (calculated since 12 Jun 2017)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2017	134	35	8	177
Jul 2017	21	13	0	34
Aug 2017	34	18	2	54
Sep 2017	29	11	2	42
Oct 2017	34	11	1	46
Nov 2017	49	17	3	69
Dec 2017	40	12	1	53
Jan 2018	14	14	2	30
Feb 2018	22	10	4	36
Mar 2018	4	8	0	12
Apr 2018	7	7	1	15
May 2018	9	14	1	24
Jun 2018	8	17	0	25
Jul 2018	8	8	0	16
Aug 2018	10	8	0	18
Sep 2018	13	8	0	21
Oct 2018	9	12	0	21
Nov 2018	15	11	0	26
Dec 2018	13	12	2	27
Jan 2019	12	8	0	20
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Mar 2019	8	9	2	19
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Jun 2019	9	9	0	18
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Oct 2019	4	6	0	10
Nov 2019	3	11	0	14
Dec 2019	7	4	2	13
Jan 2020	9	3	2	14
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Jul 2020	39	33	30	102
Aug 2020	6	10	3	19
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Jul 2025	17	13	2	32
Aug 2025	23	11	2	36
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Oct 2025	26	24	2	52
Nov 2025	40	14	1	55
Dec 2025	18	17	2	37
Jan 2026	39	11	12	62
Feb 2026	20	11	3	34
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Apr 2026	29	42	3	74
May 2026	14	21	4	39
Jun 2026	5	6	0	11
Jul 2026	15	10	9	34
Aug 2026	9	15	11	35
Sep 2026	0

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 12 Jun 2017)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2017	134	35	8	177
Jul 2017	21	13	0	34
Aug 2017	34	18	2	54
Sep 2017	29	11	2	42
Oct 2017	34	11	1	46
Nov 2017	49	17	3	69
Dec 2017	40	12	1	53
Jan 2018	14	14	2	30
Feb 2018	22	10	4	36
Mar 2018	4	8	0	12
Apr 2018	7	7	1	15
May 2018	9	14	1	24
Jun 2018	8	17	0	25
Jul 2018	8	8	0	16
Aug 2018	10	8	0	18
Sep 2018	13	8	0	21
Oct 2018	9	12	0	21
Nov 2018	15	11	0	26
Dec 2018	13	12	2	27
Jan 2019	12	8	0	20
Feb 2019	13	5	1	19
Mar 2019	8	9	2	19
Apr 2019	8	9	1	18
May 2019	7	4	0	11
Jun 2019	9	9	0	18
Jul 2019	7	7	1	15
Aug 2019	5	11	0	16
Sep 2019	5	4	1	10
Oct 2019	4	6	0	10
Nov 2019	3	11	0	14
Dec 2019	7	4	2	13
Jan 2020	9	3	2	14
Feb 2020	12	9	1	22
Mar 2020	13	9	1	23
Apr 2020	9	6	0	15
May 2020	13	4	1	18
Jun 2020	32	11	2	45
Jul 2020	39	33	30	102
Aug 2020	6	10	3	19
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Oct 2020	9	8	0	17
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Dec 2020	17	7	0	24
Jan 2021	13	10	0	23
Feb 2021	11	2	0	13
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Apr 2021	7	5	0	12
May 2021	8	12	0	20
Jun 2021	6	14	0	20
Jul 2021	7	13	0	20
Aug 2021	8	4	0	12
Sep 2021	19	12	0	31
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Nov 2021	24	27	6	57
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Apr 2022	8	11	0	19
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Jun 2024	10	5	3	18
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Aug 2024	9	1	3	13
Sep 2024	16	6	3	25
Oct 2024	8	9	4	21
Nov 2024	6	4	0	10
Dec 2024	8	17	2	27
Jan 2025	7	7	1	15
Feb 2025	14	12	0	26
Mar 2025	16	13	4	33
Apr 2025	7	5	1	13
May 2025	10	8	1	19
Jun 2025	38	15	0	53
Jul 2025	17	13	2	32
Aug 2025	23	11	2	36
Sep 2025	33	11	3	47
Oct 2025	26	24	2	52
Nov 2025	40	14	1	55
Dec 2025	18	17	2	37
Jan 2026	39	11	12	62
Feb 2026	20	11	3	34
Mar 2026	17	10	3	30
Apr 2026	29	42	3	74
May 2026	14	21	4	39
Jun 2026	5	6	0	11
Jul 2026	15	10	9	34
Aug 2026	9	15	11	35
Sep 2026	0

Cited

Latest update: 03 Sep 2026

Short summary

An analysis is given of the account of a globe of fire observed in Zafra (Spain) in the middle of the 16th century. During a strong storm, Conde Don Pedro observed what he described as a globe of fire that was directed against the city and abruptly changed course. He attributed the change in course to a miracle. He described neither any damage nor sound.

Ball lightning: a Renaissance account from Zafra (Spain)

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2 citations as recorded by crossref.