Comparing the evolution of ESA versus NASA technology transfer approach: market and public demand drivers

Abstract. The growth of space activities has experienced rapid expansion in the last twenty years, largely driven by the transfer of technology. This process has had not only economic and social effects but also important political and military implications.

The primary entities responsible for sharing scientific and technological knowledge have been the prominent space agencies. This article seeks to compare the approaches developed by NASA and ESA throughout the years. The comparison reveals significant differences between the two agencies in terms of their goals and the methods they employ to achieve them. These disparities can even be traced back to the legislation that established each respective agency.