Evolution of the Pakistan Space Weather Centre (PSWC)

Tahir, Afnan; Ameen, Muhammad Ayyaz; Talha, Madeeha; Murtaza, Ghulam; Ali, Muneeza Salman; Ali, Gohar

doi:10.5194/hgss-11-123-2020

Articles | Volume 11, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-11-123-2020

© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Special issue:

History of regional warning centers

https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-11-123-2020

© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 11, issue 1

Review article

|

05 Jun 2020

Review article |

| 05 Jun 2020

Evolution of the Pakistan Space Weather Centre (PSWC)

Afnan Tahir, Muhammad Ayyaz Ameen, Madeeha Talha, Ghulam Murtaza, Muneeza Salman Ali, and Gohar Ali

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Total article views: 4,930 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

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HTML: 4,338
PDF: 504
XML: 88
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EndNote: 117

Views and downloads (calculated since 05 Jun 2020)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2020	160	46	9	215
Jul 2020	64	16	14	94
Aug 2020	177	10	4	191
Sep 2020	108	5	0	113
Oct 2020	85	4	0	89
Nov 2020	162	7	0	169
Dec 2020	206	4	0	210
Jan 2021	90	5	0	95
Feb 2021	65	3	0	68
Mar 2021	83	7	0	90
Apr 2021	77	8	0	85
May 2021	70	2	0	72
Jun 2021	76	5	0	81
Jul 2021	65	5	0	70
Aug 2021	67	4	0	71
Sep 2021	67	8	0	75
Oct 2021	69	18	2	89
Nov 2021	72	14	2	88
Dec 2021	66	1	1	68
Jan 2022	66	8	1	75
Feb 2022	50	5	2	57
Mar 2022	59	5	2	66
Apr 2022	48	3	0	51
May 2022	49	5	1	55
Jun 2022	50	1	0	51
Jul 2022	61	1	0	62
Aug 2022	62	1	0	63
Sep 2022	40	7	0	47
Oct 2022	38	1	0	39
Nov 2022	47	4	0	51
Dec 2022	42	4	0	46
Jan 2023	39	9	1	49
Feb 2023	42	4	0	46
Mar 2023	52	6	1	59
Apr 2023	44	7	0	51
May 2023	40	4	1	45
Jun 2023	36	7	2	45
Jul 2023	44	5	0	49
Aug 2023	49	2	3	54
Sep 2023	43	7	1	51
Oct 2023	49	5	3	57
Nov 2023	28	5	0	33
Dec 2023	70	1	0	71
Jan 2024	41	1	0	42
Feb 2024	40	6	0	46
Mar 2024	66	13	1	80
Apr 2024	46	6	4	56
May 2024	53	3	1	57
Jun 2024	64	6	3	73
Jul 2024	65	7	2	74
Aug 2024	80	5	3	88
Sep 2024	115	4	2	121
Oct 2024	111	7	1	119
Nov 2024	67	7	3	77
Dec 2024	58	5	0	63
Jan 2025	79	12	0	91
Feb 2025	22	18	0	40
Mar 2025	31	17	1	49
Apr 2025	44	13	1	58
May 2025	38	5	1	44
Jun 2025	44	21	1	66
Jul 2025	24	11	2	37
Aug 2025	63	7	4	74
Sep 2025	44	8	3	55
Oct 2025	82	14	4	100
Nov 2025	84	29	1	114

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 05 Jun 2020)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2020	160	46	9	215
Jul 2020	64	16	14	94
Aug 2020	177	10	4	191
Sep 2020	108	5	0	113
Oct 2020	85	4	0	89
Nov 2020	162	7	0	169
Dec 2020	206	4	0	210
Jan 2021	90	5	0	95
Feb 2021	65	3	0	68
Mar 2021	83	7	0	90
Apr 2021	77	8	0	85
May 2021	70	2	0	72
Jun 2021	76	5	0	81
Jul 2021	65	5	0	70
Aug 2021	67	4	0	71
Sep 2021	67	8	0	75
Oct 2021	69	18	2	89
Nov 2021	72	14	2	88
Dec 2021	66	1	1	68
Jan 2022	66	8	1	75
Feb 2022	50	5	2	57
Mar 2022	59	5	2	66
Apr 2022	48	3	0	51
May 2022	49	5	1	55
Jun 2022	50	1	0	51
Jul 2022	61	1	0	62
Aug 2022	62	1	0	63
Sep 2022	40	7	0	47
Oct 2022	38	1	0	39
Nov 2022	47	4	0	51
Dec 2022	42	4	0	46
Jan 2023	39	9	1	49
Feb 2023	42	4	0	46
Mar 2023	52	6	1	59
Apr 2023	44	7	0	51
May 2023	40	4	1	45
Jun 2023	36	7	2	45
Jul 2023	44	5	0	49
Aug 2023	49	2	3	54
Sep 2023	43	7	1	51
Oct 2023	49	5	3	57
Nov 2023	28	5	0	33
Dec 2023	70	1	0	71
Jan 2024	41	1	0	42
Feb 2024	40	6	0	46
Mar 2024	66	13	1	80
Apr 2024	46	6	4	56
May 2024	53	3	1	57
Jun 2024	64	6	3	73
Jul 2024	65	7	2	74
Aug 2024	80	5	3	88
Sep 2024	115	4	2	121
Oct 2024	111	7	1	119
Nov 2024	67	7	3	77
Dec 2024	58	5	0	63
Jan 2025	79	12	0	91
Feb 2025	22	18	0	40
Mar 2025	31	17	1	49
Apr 2025	44	13	1	58
May 2025	38	5	1	44
Jun 2025	44	21	1	66
Jul 2025	24	11	2	37
Aug 2025	63	7	4	74
Sep 2025	44	8	3	55
Oct 2025	82	14	4	100
Nov 2025	84	29	1	114

Latest update: 28 Nov 2025

Short summary

The Pakistan Space Weather Centre (PSWC) was inaugurated on 20 August 2018, but its long history dates back to the 1950s. SUPARCO was established as the national space agency in 1961 and, along with other projects, started ionospheric and geomagnetic monitoring and research in the country. The milestones achieved in the discipline of space weather are mentioned that subsequently resulted in the establishment of PSWC. It is anticipated that PSWC will act as a Regional Warning Center in future.