Kristian Birkeland's pioneering investigations of geomagnetic disturbances

Egeland, A.; Burke, W. J.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-1-13-2010

Articles | Volume 1, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-1-13-2010

© Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-1-13-2010

© Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 1, issue 1

12 Apr 2010

| 12 Apr 2010

Kristian Birkeland's pioneering investigations of geomagnetic disturbances

A. Egeland and W. J. Burke

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Total article views: 4,768 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
2,744	1,836	188	4,768	230	247

HTML: 2,744
PDF: 1,836
XML: 188
Total: 4,768
BibTeX: 230
EndNote: 247

Views and downloads (calculated since 01 Feb 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Feb 2013	4	11	1	16
Mar 2013	4	9	4	17
Apr 2013	4	13	0	17
May 2013	3	9	1	13
Jun 2013	4	12	0	16
Jul 2013	6	14	2	22
Aug 2013	10	7	0	17
Sep 2013	6	10	0	16
Oct 2013	3	7	0	10
Nov 2013	4	8	0	12
Dec 2013	8	9	3	20
Jan 2014	8	14	2	24
Feb 2014	13	23	3	39
Mar 2014	8	16	3	27
Apr 2014	3	10	1	14
May 2014	4	19	2	25
Jun 2014	5	21	1	27
Jul 2014	2	12	0	14
Aug 2014	7	22	2	31
Sep 2014	4	9	0	13
Oct 2014	8	12	4	24
Nov 2014	6	10	0	16
Dec 2014	3	6	1	10
Jan 2015	5	11	2	18
Feb 2015	4	2	1	7
Mar 2015	15	9	0	24
Apr 2015	14	5	1	20
May 2015	6	4	1	11
Jun 2015	22	19	1	42
Jul 2015	20	23	0	43
Aug 2015	8	19	0	27
Sep 2015	8	20	1	29
Oct 2015	19	20	1	40
Nov 2015	8	19	0	27
Dec 2015	3	17	0	20
Jan 2016	11	16	2	29
Feb 2016	10	27	1	38
Mar 2016	7	14	1	22
Apr 2016	5	11	1	17
May 2016	5	11	0	16
Jun 2016	5	7	0	12
Jul 2016	7	16	1	24
Aug 2016	3	9	0	12
Sep 2016	3	10	1	14
Oct 2016	2	4	0	6
Nov 2016	3	1	0	4
Dec 2016	7	3	0	10
Jan 2017	8	15	1	24
Feb 2017	11	12	1	24
Mar 2017	15	14	2	31
Apr 2017	16	14	0	30
May 2017	15	16	0	31
Jun 2017	21	15	1	37
Jul 2017	11	20	0	31
Aug 2017	6	27	0	33
Sep 2017	9	22	2	33
Oct 2017	7	36	0	43
Nov 2017	9	19	1	29
Dec 2017	11	36	0	47
Jan 2018	7	16	1	24
Feb 2018	13	21	3	37
Mar 2018	10	23	1	34
Apr 2018	9	20	2	31
May 2018	5	21	2	28
Jun 2018	6	25	1	32
Jul 2018	8	15	1	24
Aug 2018	9	15	1	25
Sep 2018	14	19	1	34
Oct 2018	17	28	2	47
Nov 2018	12	24	2	38
Dec 2018	7	19	0	26
Jan 2019	10	18	0	28
Feb 2019	8	9	2	19
Mar 2019	7	15	2	24
Apr 2019	29	22	0	51
May 2019	35	17	0	52
Jun 2019	25	29	0	54
Jul 2019	36	19	1	56
Aug 2019	37	17	0	54
Sep 2019	31	21	1	53
Oct 2019	30	12	0	42
Nov 2019	38	16	0	54
Dec 2019	41	10	1	52
Jan 2020	56	10	2	68
Feb 2020	44	7	1	52
Mar 2020	36	7	1	44
Apr 2020	23	2	0	25
May 2020	38	7	1	46
Jun 2020	45	10	1	56
Jul 2020	55	37	27	119
Aug 2020	29	8	4	41
Sep 2020	51	2	0	53
Oct 2020	23	8	1	32
Nov 2020	25	10	1	36
Dec 2020	42	9	0	51
Jan 2021	50	11	0	61
Feb 2021	43	20	0	63
Mar 2021	37	15	0	52
Apr 2021	47	14	0	61
May 2021	43	15	0	58
Jun 2021	47	7	0	54
Jul 2021	37	6	0	43
Aug 2021	33	6	0	39
Sep 2021	42	8	1	51
Oct 2021	39	24	2	65
Nov 2021	50	20	10	80
Dec 2021	38	9	1	48
Jan 2022	41	11	1	53
Feb 2022	40	7	2	49
Mar 2022	44	7	1	52
Apr 2022	32	6	1	39
May 2022	29	5	0	34
Jun 2022	37	6	0	43
Jul 2022	30	5	0	35
Aug 2022	35	3	0	38
Sep 2022	35	6	1	42
Oct 2022	41	7	1	49
Nov 2022	43	13	2	58
Dec 2022	55	12	3	70
Jan 2023	24	10	0	34
Feb 2023	6	3	0	9
Mar 2023	9	4	0	13
Apr 2023	2	2	0	4
May 2023	4	8	2	14
Jun 2023	13	8	1	22
Jul 2023	7	12	0	19
Aug 2023	9	5	2	16
Sep 2023	7	2	0	9
Oct 2023	14	7	3	24
Nov 2023	9	0	9
Dec 2023	10	4	1	15
Jan 2024	11	6	0	17
Feb 2024	9	9	1	19
Mar 2024	5	5	0	10
Apr 2024	6	8	2	16
May 2024	10	5	1	16
Jun 2024	16	8	3	27
Jul 2024	22	4	2	28
Aug 2024	11	1	6	18
Sep 2024	6	4	5	15
Oct 2024	8	5	0	13
Nov 2024	10	4	1	15
Dec 2024	5	8	1	14
Jan 2025	14	1	0	15
Feb 2025	16	6	4	26
Mar 2025	18	5	2	25
Apr 2025	5	13	2	20
May 2025	15	4	1	20
Jun 2025	36	9	1	46
Jul 2025	14	7	1	22
Aug 2025	17	6	4	27
Sep 2025	24	13	0	37
Oct 2025	7	3	0	10

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 01 Feb 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Feb 2013	4	11	1	16
Mar 2013	4	9	4	17
Apr 2013	4	13	0	17
May 2013	3	9	1	13
Jun 2013	4	12	0	16
Jul 2013	6	14	2	22
Aug 2013	10	7	0	17
Sep 2013	6	10	0	16
Oct 2013	3	7	0	10
Nov 2013	4	8	0	12
Dec 2013	8	9	3	20
Jan 2014	8	14	2	24
Feb 2014	13	23	3	39
Mar 2014	8	16	3	27
Apr 2014	3	10	1	14
May 2014	4	19	2	25
Jun 2014	5	21	1	27
Jul 2014	2	12	0	14
Aug 2014	7	22	2	31
Sep 2014	4	9	0	13
Oct 2014	8	12	4	24
Nov 2014	6	10	0	16
Dec 2014	3	6	1	10
Jan 2015	5	11	2	18
Feb 2015	4	2	1	7
Mar 2015	15	9	0	24
Apr 2015	14	5	1	20
May 2015	6	4	1	11
Jun 2015	22	19	1	42
Jul 2015	20	23	0	43
Aug 2015	8	19	0	27
Sep 2015	8	20	1	29
Oct 2015	19	20	1	40
Nov 2015	8	19	0	27
Dec 2015	3	17	0	20
Jan 2016	11	16	2	29
Feb 2016	10	27	1	38
Mar 2016	7	14	1	22
Apr 2016	5	11	1	17
May 2016	5	11	0	16
Jun 2016	5	7	0	12
Jul 2016	7	16	1	24
Aug 2016	3	9	0	12
Sep 2016	3	10	1	14
Oct 2016	2	4	0	6
Nov 2016	3	1	0	4
Dec 2016	7	3	0	10
Jan 2017	8	15	1	24
Feb 2017	11	12	1	24
Mar 2017	15	14	2	31
Apr 2017	16	14	0	30
May 2017	15	16	0	31
Jun 2017	21	15	1	37
Jul 2017	11	20	0	31
Aug 2017	6	27	0	33
Sep 2017	9	22	2	33
Oct 2017	7	36	0	43
Nov 2017	9	19	1	29
Dec 2017	11	36	0	47
Jan 2018	7	16	1	24
Feb 2018	13	21	3	37
Mar 2018	10	23	1	34
Apr 2018	9	20	2	31
May 2018	5	21	2	28
Jun 2018	6	25	1	32
Jul 2018	8	15	1	24
Aug 2018	9	15	1	25
Sep 2018	14	19	1	34
Oct 2018	17	28	2	47
Nov 2018	12	24	2	38
Dec 2018	7	19	0	26
Jan 2019	10	18	0	28
Feb 2019	8	9	2	19
Mar 2019	7	15	2	24
Apr 2019	29	22	0	51
May 2019	35	17	0	52
Jun 2019	25	29	0	54
Jul 2019	36	19	1	56
Aug 2019	37	17	0	54
Sep 2019	31	21	1	53
Oct 2019	30	12	0	42
Nov 2019	38	16	0	54
Dec 2019	41	10	1	52
Jan 2020	56	10	2	68
Feb 2020	44	7	1	52
Mar 2020	36	7	1	44
Apr 2020	23	2	0	25
May 2020	38	7	1	46
Jun 2020	45	10	1	56
Jul 2020	55	37	27	119
Aug 2020	29	8	4	41
Sep 2020	51	2	0	53
Oct 2020	23	8	1	32
Nov 2020	25	10	1	36
Dec 2020	42	9	0	51
Jan 2021	50	11	0	61
Feb 2021	43	20	0	63
Mar 2021	37	15	0	52
Apr 2021	47	14	0	61
May 2021	43	15	0	58
Jun 2021	47	7	0	54
Jul 2021	37	6	0	43
Aug 2021	33	6	0	39
Sep 2021	42	8	1	51
Oct 2021	39	24	2	65
Nov 2021	50	20	10	80
Dec 2021	38	9	1	48
Jan 2022	41	11	1	53
Feb 2022	40	7	2	49
Mar 2022	44	7	1	52
Apr 2022	32	6	1	39
May 2022	29	5	0	34
Jun 2022	37	6	0	43
Jul 2022	30	5	0	35
Aug 2022	35	3	0	38
Sep 2022	35	6	1	42
Oct 2022	41	7	1	49
Nov 2022	43	13	2	58
Dec 2022	55	12	3	70
Jan 2023	24	10	0	34
Feb 2023	6	3	0	9
Mar 2023	9	4	0	13
Apr 2023	2	2	0	4
May 2023	4	8	2	14
Jun 2023	13	8	1	22
Jul 2023	7	12	0	19
Aug 2023	9	5	2	16
Sep 2023	7	2	0	9
Oct 2023	14	7	3	24
Nov 2023	9	0	9
Dec 2023	10	4	1	15
Jan 2024	11	6	0	17
Feb 2024	9	9	1	19
Mar 2024	5	5	0	10
Apr 2024	6	8	2	16
May 2024	10	5	1	16
Jun 2024	16	8	3	27
Jul 2024	22	4	2	28
Aug 2024	11	1	6	18
Sep 2024	6	4	5	15
Oct 2024	8	5	0	13
Nov 2024	10	4	1	15
Dec 2024	5	8	1	14
Jan 2025	14	1	0	15
Feb 2025	16	6	4	26
Mar 2025	18	5	2	25
Apr 2025	5	13	2	20
May 2025	15	4	1	20
Jun 2025	36	9	1	46
Jul 2025	14	7	1	22
Aug 2025	17	6	4	27
Sep 2025	24	13	0	37
Oct 2025	7	3	0	10

Cited

Latest update: 10 Oct 2025

Kristian Birkeland's pioneering investigations of geomagnetic disturbances

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